Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
ECA-1AHG682 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 6800UF 20% 10V RADIAL	148
EEE-FK1A122SP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1200UF 20% 10V SMD	46
EEE-FK1H220SR Panasonic	SMD AL ELECTROLYTIC, 50VDC, 22UF	1052
EEE-FK1K220P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 80V SMD	14756
ECO-S1EA472AA Panasonic	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 25V SNAP	905
EEE-FN1H680XL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 68UF 50V 20% SMD	1781
EEU-FK1V181B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 180UF 20% 35V RADIAL TH	0
EEE-TP1K511V Panasonic	CAP ALUM 510UF 20% 80V RADIAL	215
EEE-1CA330WR Panasonic	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 16V SMD	14
EEA-GA1HR33H Panasonic	CAP ALUM 0.33UF 20% 50V RADIAL	74
ECE-A0GKA221I Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 4V RADIAL	0
EEU-FC1C121H Panasonic	CAP ALUM 120UF 20% 16V RADIAL	0
ECA-1CM100 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 16V RADIAL	0
ECE-A0GKS221 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 4V RADIAL	2145
EEE-TC1C221P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 16V SMD	500
ECA-1CHG222 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 16V RADIAL	0
ECA-0JM101I Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	0
EEU-FR1H821L Panasonic	CAP ALUM 820UF 20% 50V RADIAL	17
EEU-FS1J181L Panasonic	CAP ALUM 180UF 20% 63V THRU HOLE	487
EEE-FP1E101AL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 25V 20% SMD	1990

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.