Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
ULM68M6.3 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 68UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	3984
NEH100M50CC NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 50V AXIAL	780
NEV2200M35GH NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 35V RADIAL	329
NEH4700M25HF NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 25V AXIAL	619
NEV2.2M63AA NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 2.2UF 20% 63V RADIAL	797
NEV220M10CB NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 10V RADIAL	866
NEV6800M16II NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 6800UF 20% 16V RADIAL	38
NPA.47M100 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 0.47UF 20% 100V AXIAL	3252
NEHH220M160HB NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 220UF 160V AXIAL	130
MSC250V88 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 88UF 250V QC TERM	50
NPR220M16 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 16V RADIAL	573
NEVH33M250DE NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 33UF 250V RADIAL	634
NEH10000M10HF NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 10000UF 20% 10V AXIAL	0
VHT820M100 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 820UF 20% 100V RADIAL	744
VHT15000M25 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 15000UF 20% 25V RADIAL	522
NEH.10M50AA NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 0.1UF 20% 50V AXIAL	0
NEV330M25DE NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 25V RADIAL	1040
MSC125V216 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 216UF 125V QC TERM	72
MSC125V1280 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 1280UF 125V RADIAL CAN	22
VHT1M450 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 1UF 20% 450V RADIAL	641

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.