Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
UKW1J331MPD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 63V RADIAL	385
UVY2DR22MED Nichicon	CAP ALUM 0.22UF 20% 200V RADIAL	5175
UMW0J101MDD1TP Nichicon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	8220
UBW2A101MHD1TO Nichicon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 100V RADIAL	449
UCD1E102MNQ1MS Nichicon	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 25V SMD	801
UTT1V330MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 35V RADIAL	0
UCD1E101MCL6GS Nichicon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 25V SMD	408
UPW1A181MED Nichicon	CAP ALUM 180UF 20% 10V RADIAL	1
UPX1A222MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 10V RADIAL	144
UKA0J222MPD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	371
UPA1A182MPD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 1800UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
LGG2W221MELA35 Nichicon	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 450V SNAP	227
UKZ1E102MHM1TO1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
UHW1H152MHD6 Nichicon	CAP ALUM 1500UF 20% 50V RADIAL	1913
UCL0J222MNL1GS Nichicon	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 6.3V SMD	6079
UPS1C103MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 10000UF 20% 16V RADIAL	14
UPJ1V681MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 35V RADIAL	1006
UPW2A6R8MDD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 6.8UF 20% 100V RADIAL	1591
UUT1V100MCL1GS Nichicon	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 35V SMD	1775
UCX1V221MCL1GS Nichicon	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 35V SMD	871

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.