Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
860160378039 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 2700 UF 20% 16 V	300
860020378020 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 1800UF 20% 16V RADIAL	100
860160673012 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 27 UF 20% 50 V	424
865060553006 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 100 UF 20% 35 V	0
860080278024 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 10V T/H	31
860020273009 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 10V RADIAL	2607
865060345007 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 220 UF 20% 16 V	0
860020275015 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 10V RADIAL	663
860080280025 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 5600UF 20% 10V T/H	0
861011486022 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 450V SNAP	0
860010378021 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 2200 UF 20% 16 V	144
865090440003 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 10 UF 20% 25 V	406
860040475006 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 330 UF 20% 25 V	86
860020280028 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 8200UF 20% 10V RADIAL	250
865250149006 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 100 UF 20% 6.3 V	0
865250453009 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 100 UF 20% 25 V	170
865080257014 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 1000 UF 20% 10 V	81
860020578018 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 35V RADIAL	228
865250157010 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 560 UF 20% 6.3 V	483
865060363012 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 3300 UF 20% 16 V	2

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.