Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
EKMG500ETD471MJ20S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 50V RADIAL	1400
EKMQ500ELL330ME11D United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
EKMT421VSN331MA30S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 420V SNAP	0
EKY-630ELL681ML25S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
EKMM251VNN821MR40W United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 820UF 20% 250V SNAP	0
EKMS451VSN271MQ50S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 270UF 20% 450V SNAP	145
EKZH160ELL221MF11D United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 16V RADIAL	1049
EMLE160ADA471MJA0G United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 16V SMD	0
EKYB630ELL330MF11D United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
EKMT421VSN101MP25S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 420V SNAP	0
EKXG401ETD220MK20S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 400V RADIAL	1000
EKY-100ELL681MJC5S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 10V RADIAL	1997
EKMG350ELL221MHB5D United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 35V RADIAL	0
ELXY250ELL331MJ16S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
ELXV101ELL101MJ30S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 100V RADIAL	0
EKXJ401ELL121MU50S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 120UF 20% 400V RADIAL	250
EMXB350ARA911MLN0S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 910UF 20% 35V RADIAL	250
EKY-500EC5222MMP1S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
EMZA250ADA330MF61G United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 25V SMD	4
ELXZ100ELL682ML30S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 6800UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.