Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
PSU2130A Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 21UF 330V QC TERM	0
ALS71G912NW450 KEMET	CAP ALUM 9100UF 20% 450V SCREW	0
10NW710MEFC4X7 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
SK100M063ST Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 63V RADIAL	3935
B43305A5107M82 TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 450V SNAP	0
865230640004 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 0.47 UF 20% 50 V	4525
UPW1E4R7MDD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 4.7UF 20% 25V RADIAL	24009
EEE-FT1V681UL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 680UF 35V 20% SMD	0
MLP821M250EB1A Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 820UF 20% 250V FLATPACK	27
ESK107M025AE3KA KEMET	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
35JXF3300MEFC16X30 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 3300UF 20% 35V T/H	58
381LQ681M160J012 Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 160V SNAP	0
B43508B5477M87 TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 450V SNAP	0
35USC10000MEFCSN25X35 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 10000UF 20% 35V SNAP	0
ALS81A122KE500 KEMET	CAP ALUM 1200UF 20% 500V SCREW	0
ALS70C362QC450 KEMET	CAP ALUM 3600UF 20% 450V SCREW	0
336CKS160M Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 160V THRU HOLE	0
LNX2W183MSEK Nichicon	CAP ALUM 18000UF 20% 450V SCREW	5
UKL1C100MDD1TA Nichicon	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 16V RADIAL	3142
UMT1HR22MCD2TP Nichicon	CAP ALUM 0.22UF 20% 50V RADIAL	1696

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.