Speakers

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
COM-10975 SparkFun	EXCITER 4 OHM 3W 101DB	22
RFR773N-4-RB-NL RDI Inc.	77 MM SPEAKER	0
W 100 S - 4 OHM VISATON	HIFI LOW-MIDRANGE DRIVER	19
93053 MISCO	10 LEGACY WOOFER	200
RPR666N148100NL RDI Inc.	SPEAKER	0
W 200 - 4 OHM VISATON	HIFI WOOFER	11
NE315W-04 Vifa (Peerless by Tymphany)	SPEAKER 4OHM 150W TOP PORT 85DB	4
ASE03008MR-LW150-R PUI Audio, Inc.	SPEAKER 8OHM 1W TOP PORT 83DB	2300
1674 Adafruit	SPEAKER 8OHM 1W 90.1DB	752
FH-26553-000 Knowles	SPEAKER 128OHM SIDE PORT 96DB	0
E-4408 Soberton, Inc.	EXCITER 5W, 8 OHM, 44MM X 14.5MM	580
RVA-90120-N03 Knowles	SPEAKER	0
SP570445-4 DB Unlimited	DYNAMIC SPEAKER	0
WB 13 - 100 V/8 OHM (BLACK) VISATON	2-WAY COMPACT SPEAKER	10
AS05008MS-LW152-R PUI Audio, Inc.	SPEAKER 8OHM 1.5W TOP PORT 85DB	1228
SP-JEN-C15N-16 TubeDepot	JENSEN C15N OHMS 16	0
AS03908AS-R PUI Audio, Inc.	SPEAKER 8OHM 5W TOP PORT 78DB	521
SP-JEN-MOD12-35-8 TubeDepot	JENSEN MOD 1235 OHMS 8	0
AS05008PR-WR-R PUI Audio, Inc.	SPEAKER 8OHM 1W TOP PORT 84DB	480
AS03604MR-2-R PUI Audio, Inc.	SPEAKER 1.5W 4 OHM 550 HZ 82 DB	132

Speakers

1. Overview

Speakers are electroacoustic transducers that convert electrical audio signals into sound waves. As critical components in audio systems, they reproduce audible frequencies (typically 20Hz-20kHz) with controlled directivity and fidelity. Modern speaker technology integrates materials science, electromagnetism, and digital signal processing to deliver immersive audio experiences across consumer, professional, and industrial applications.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Dynamic Speakers	Electromagnetic driver with cone diaphragm, wide frequency response	Home theaters, PA systems
Electrostatic Speakers	Thin membrane with electrostatic field, excellent transient response	High-end audiophile systems
Planar Magnetic	Flat diaphragm with printed circuits, precise sound imaging	Studio monitoring, headphones
Coaxial Speakers	Multiple drivers on single axis, improved phase coherence	Car audio systems
Subwoofers	Specialized for low-frequency reproduction (20-200Hz)	Cinema sound systems

3. Structure and Components

Typical speaker systems consist of:

Transducer Elements: Voice coil, magnet assembly, diaphragm
Cabinet: Made from MDF, aluminum, or composite materials
Crossover Network: Passive/active filters directing frequencies to drivers
Connectors: Binding posts, TRS/XLR inputs, or wireless modules
Damping Materials: Acoustic foam for resonance control

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Significance
Frequency Response	20Hz-20kHz 3dB	Defines audible range accuracy
Sensitivity	85-100 dB/W/m	Efficiency in sound production
Impedance	4 , 6 , 8 nominal	Matching with amplifiers
Power Handling	20-1000W RMS	Maximum safe operating level
THD	<0.5% at 1W	Audio signal purity

5. Application Areas

Consumer Electronics: Smart speakers (Amazon Echo), soundbars
Professional Audio: Studio monitors (Yamaha HS8), live sound systems
Automotive: Door speakers, active noise cancellation systems
Commercial: Distributed audio in retail spaces, emergency PA systems
Immersive Systems: Dolby Atmos home cinema setups

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Innovation
Bose	901 Direct/Reflecting Series	Omni-directional sound field
KEF	LS50 Wireless	Uni-Q concentric driver
Bowers & Wilkins	800 Series Diamond	Matrix internal bracing
Yamaha	HS8 Studio Monitor	Neutral sound reproduction
Harman Kardon	Invoke	Cortana integration

7. Selection Recommendations

Key selection criteria:

Match impedance/power handling with amplifier specifications
Room size vs. speaker sensitivity (e.g., 88dB+ for large spaces)
Crossover frequency alignment in multi-way systems
Material durability for environmental conditions (humidity, temperature)
Budget allocation: 30-50% of total audio system cost recommended

8. Industry Trends Analysis

Emerging developments include:

Integration of AI-powered room calibration (Dirac Live, Audyssey)
Multi-directional transducers for 3D audio in VR/AR applications
Development of micro-speakers using graphene diaphragms
Adoption of wireless mesh networks (WiSA technology) for speaker arrays
Growth of automotive audio systems with headrest-integrated transducers