Motion Sensors - Accelerometers

Image	Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity	Rfq
	ADXL345TCCZ-EP-RL Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCEL 2-16G I2C/SPI 14LGA	0
	3031-100 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	ACCELEROMETER 100G ANALOG SMD	0
	ADXL001-500BEZ Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCELEROMETER 500G ANALOG 8LCC	0
	MMA6813KWR2 NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 50G SPI 16QFN	0
	KX123-1039 ROHM Semiconductor	ACCELEROMETER 2-8G I2C/SPI 16LGA	0
	MXR7250VW MEMSIC	ACCELEROMETER 5G ANALOG 8LCC	0
	3052-100-P TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	ACCELEROMETER 100G ANALOG	0
	SCA111-C12H1W TOKO / Murata	ACCELEROMETER 1.2G ANALOG	0
	MMA7331LT NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 4-9G ANALOG 14LGA	0
	LIS331DLM STMicroelectronics	ACCELEROMETER 2-8G I2C/SPI 16LGA	0
	MMA7331LCR1 NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 4-9G ANALOG 14LGA	0
	MMA8125EG NXP Semiconductors	ACCEL 250G DSI/SPI 16SOIC	0
	LIS2L02AQ STMicroelectronics	ACCELEROMETER 2-6G ANALOG 44QFN	0
	ADXL362WBCCZ-RL Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCELEROMETER 2-8G SPI 16LGA	0
	MMA621010EGR2 NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 100G ANALOG 20SOIC	0
	SCA3300-D01 TOKO / Murata	ACCELEROMETER 1.5-6G SPI 12SMD	0
	ADXL001-70BEZ-R7 Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCELEROMETER 70G ANALOG 8LCC	0
	LIS3L02AQ5 STMicroelectronics	ACCELEROMETER 2-6G ANALOG 44QFN	0
	MMA7331LR1 NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 4-9G ANALOG 14LGA	0
	MMA6255AEGR2 NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 50G ANALOG 20SOIC	0

Motion Sensors - Accelerometers

1. Overview

Accelerometers are motion sensors that measure acceleration forces (static or dynamic) along one or multiple axes. These devices convert mechanical motion into electrical signals, enabling quantitative analysis of vibration, tilt, shock, and dynamic movement. As core components in modern sensing systems, accelerometers play critical roles in consumer electronics, industrial automation, automotive safety systems, and aerospace navigation.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Capacitive MEMS	High sensitivity, low power consumption, digital output	Smartphones, wearable devices
Piezoelectric	Self-powered, excellent frequency response	Vibration analysis, impact detection
Piezoresistive	High shock tolerance, analog output	Automotive crash testing, industrial monitoring
Servo (Force-Balance)	Ultra-high precision, low noise	Inertial navigation, seismic monitoring
Optical MEMS	Immune to electromagnetic interference	High-precision scientific instruments

3. Structure and Components

Typical accelerometers consist of: - Seismic mass with specific inertial properties - Elastic suspension elements (springs or beams) - Displacement detection circuit (capacitive, piezoelectric, or resistive) - Temperature compensation circuitry - Signal conditioning electronics - Protective housing (metal/ceramic/polymer) Modern MEMS devices integrate microstructures on silicon substrates with digital interfaces (I2C/SPI).

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Measurement Range	2g to 500g	Determines application suitability
Resolution	0.1mg to 10mg	Impacts measurement precision
Frequency Response	DC to 10kHz	Affects dynamic signal capture
Nonlinearity	0.1% to 1% FS	Measurement accuracy indicator
Temperature Range	-40 C to +150 C	Environmental reliability
Power Consumption	5 A to 10mA	Battery life consideration

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Smartphones (screen rotation), gaming controllers
Automotive: Airbag deployment, electronic stability control (ESC)
Industrial: Predictive maintenance systems, vibration monitoring
Healthcare: Fall detection devices, rehabilitation equipment
Aerospace: Flight control systems, structural health monitoring
Case Study: iPhone's ADXL345 MEMS accelerometer enables step counting and orientation detection

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
Analog Devices	ADXL345	3-axis, 13-bit resolution, I2C interface
STMicroelectronics	LSM6DSO	6-axis IMU, AI-enabled edge computing
Bosch Sensortec	BMI270	Low-power wearable sensor, 16Hz noise
TE Connectivity	KX134-1211	400g high-shock measurement
Honeywell	QA-750	Tactical-grade servo accelerometer

7. Selection Guidelines

Determine required measurement axes (1D/2D/3D)
Match range/sensitivity with application requirements
Assess environmental conditions (temperature, vibration)
Select appropriate output interface (analog/digital)
Evaluate power consumption constraints
Consider calibration requirements and long-term stability

8. Industry Trends

Key development directions include: - MEMS technology advancement towards atomic-scale sensitivity - Integration with gyroscopes and AI processing (smart sensors) - Wireless sensor network compatibility - Increased adoption in autonomous vehicles and IoT edge devices - Development of ultra-low-power wake-up accelerometers - Fiber optic accelerometer systems for aerospace applications - Enhanced shock survivability for industrial harsh environments