LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
5973604307F Dialight	LED BLUE 2PLCC SMD	0
5219321F Dialight	LED YELLOW DIFFUSED 5MM T/H	1788
5973901207F Dialight	LED COOL WHITE DIFF 2PLCC SMD	0
5976325607F Dialight	LED GREEN 1206 SMD	5712
5973904507F Dialight	LED WHITE 0603 SMD	2601
5988070107F Dialight	LED GREEN CLEAR 0603 SMD	134178
5973602507F Dialight	LED BLUE CLEAR 1208 SMD	1129
5973208207F Dialight	LED ORANGE CLEAR 2PLCC SMD	0
5972712602F Dialight	LED RGB DIFFUSED 1208 SMD R/A	8
5988040107F Dialight	LED YELLOW CLEAR 0603 SMD	95070
5219901802F Dialight	LED WHITE CLEAR T-1 T/H	3068
5988430202CF Dialight	LED GREEN/ORANGE CLEAR SMD	0
5972903507F Dialight	LED COOL WHT CLEAR 0605 SMD R/A	11650
5973604507F Dialight	LED BLUE 0603 SMD	266
5988A20107F Dialight	SM LED 0402 RED 625NM	4422
5990120007F Dialight	LED ORANGE-RED 0805 SMD	11338
5218268F Dialight	LED WHITE CLEAR T-1 T/H	22072
5975411407F Dialight	LED YELLOW DIFFUSED 2SMD	4828
5219247F Dialight	LED RED CLEAR 5MM T/H	30915600
5219466F Dialight	LED YELLOW CLEAR 5MM T/H	4353000

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials