Interface - UARTs (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter)

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
XR16V2650IM	HIGH PERFORMANCE DUART	376
XR16M752IM48-F MaxLinear	IC UART FIFO 34B DUAL 48TQFP	151
XR16L784IV-F MaxLinear	IC UART 8B 3.3V QUAD 64LQFP	3708
XR16V554IL	QUAD UART WITH 16-BYTE FIFO	66
PC16552DV	SERIAL I/O CONTROLLER	0
PC16550DV/NOPB-TI Texas Instruments	SERIAL I/O CONTROLLER, 1 CHANNEL	0
XR68C192CV-F MaxLinear	IC UART FIFI DUAL 44LQFP	60
TL16C554APNG4 Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 80-LQFP	0
XR16L580IM-F MaxLinear	IC UART FIFO 16B 48TQFP	0
ST16C650ACJ44TR-F MaxLinear	IC UART FIFO 32B 44PLCC	0
SC16C752BIBS,157 NXP Semiconductors	IC DUAL UART 64BYTE 32HVQFN	5543
SC16IS741AIPWJ NXP Semiconductors	IC UART SGL I2C BUS SPI 16TSSOP	15192
TL16C752DPFBR Texas Instruments	IC UART DUAL 64 BYTE 48TQFP	1969
TL16C550CPT Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 48-LQFP	1462
TL16C754FN Texas Instruments	SERIAL I/O CONTROLLER, 4 CHANNEL	2142
ST16C550IQ48-F MaxLinear	IC UART FIFO 16B SGL 48TQFP	833
TL16C550DPTR Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 48-LQFP	929
TL16CP754CPMR Texas Instruments	IC QUAD UART W/64B FIFO 64-LQFP	0
TL16C554AFNR Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 68-PLCC	262
ST16C454CJ68	SIPEX CC400 FSK RF TRANSCEIVER	0

Interface - UARTs (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter)

1. Overview

UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) is a digital integrated circuit that converts parallel data to serial format for transmission and vice versa. It implements asynchronous serial communication protocols using start/stop bits without shared clock signals. UARTs play critical roles in device-to-device communication across industrial automation, consumer electronics, IoT devices, and automotive systems due to their simplicity, reliability, and cost-effectiveness.

2. Major Types & Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
Standard UART	Basic async serial conversion, 8N1 format support	PC serial ports, sensor interfaces
Multi-channel UART	Supports multiple independent serial channels	Industrial controllers, server management
High-speed UART	Operates at >1Mbps baud rates	Wireless modems, industrial Ethernet gateways
FIFO UART	Integrated transmit/receive buffers (16-256 bytes)	Embedded systems, IoT hubs
IrDA UART	Infrared data association protocol support	Wireless payment terminals, remote controls

3. Structure & Composition

Typical UART architecture includes:

Transmitter section with parallel-to-serial converter
Receiver section with serial-to-parallel converter
Programmable baud rate generator
Control logic for data format configuration
Optional FIFO buffers and flow control (RTS/CTS)

Available in standard packages (DIP, SOIC) and QFN formats. High integration level devices may include GPIOs and clock generators.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Importance
Baud Rate Range (110-921.6kbps)	Determines communication speed compatibility
Data Bits (5-8 bits)	Affects payload capacity
Stop Bits (1-2 bits)	Impacts timing tolerance
Parity Check (Even/Odd/None)	Error detection capability
Operating Voltage (1.8-5V)	System power supply compatibility
Package Type	PCB space and thermal requirements

5. Application Fields

Telecommunications: Modems, ISDN terminals
Industrial Automation: PLCs, SCADA systems
Consumer Electronics: Smart meters, wearable devices
Medical Devices: Patient monitors, diagnostic equipment
Automotive: OBD-II interfaces, telematics units

6. Leading Manufacturers & Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
TI	TL16C750B	16-byte FIFO, 1.5Mbps, industrial temp range
NXP	SC16IS752	I2C/SPI interface, 2-channel, 5Mbps
Microchip	MCP2200	USB-to-UART bridge, on-chip EEPROM
STMicro	ST16C550	256-byte FIFO, 5V tolerant I/O
Infineon	KINetis UART	Automotive qualified, LIN bus support

7. Selection Recommendations

Consider these factors when selecting UART ICs:

Match baud rate requirements with system clock capabilities
Verify data format compatibility (bits/parity/stop)
Assess interface voltage levels (3.3V vs 5V)
Evaluate operating temperature range for industrial/environmental applications
Consider package size constraints (QFN vs TSSOP)
Check FIFO depth requirements for high-speed applications
Analyze need for additional features (IrDA, LIN, GPIO)
Compare power consumption specifications for battery-operated devices

8. Industry Trends

Future development directions include:

Increased integration with wireless interfaces (Bluetooth/Wi-Fi)
Higher speed capabilities (>10Mbps) for industrial IoT
Lower power consumption through advanced CMOS processes
Enhanced protocol support (CANbus, Ethernet integration)
Smart UARTs with built-in security features (AES encryption)
Standardization of UART-over-USB solutions

Market growth driven by automotive electronics and industrial automation demands, with projected CAGR of 6.2% through 2027 (Source: Grand View Research).