Clock/Timing - Clock Generators, PLLs, Frequency Synthesizers

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
CY26121ZXI-21T Rochester Electronics	CLOCK GENERATOR, 33.33MHZ, CMOS	5000
CY2081SXL-509 Rochester Electronics	THREE-PLL TRANSISTOR EPROM-PROGR	1407
IMIC5002BYBT Rochester Electronics	LOW SKEW CLOCK GENERATOR	7000
CY23FP12OXC-002 Rochester Electronics	PLL CLOCK DRIVER	1853
CY2410KSXC-5 Rochester Electronics	VIDEO CLOCK GENERATOR, 27MHZ	12263
CY26580OI-1 Rochester Electronics	CLOCK GENERATOR, 133.33MHZ	280
M602LFXIT Rochester Electronics	PROGRAMMABLE CLOCK GENERATOR	2870
CY22150FC Rochester Electronics	CLOCK GENERATOR	1291
CY241V8ASXC-45 Rochester Electronics	CLOCKS	14150
CY29972AIT Rochester Electronics	CLOCK GENERATOR, 125MHZ PQFP52	4340
PY2308SC-1H Rochester Electronics	CLOCKS	1328
CY25100SXC-060 Rochester Electronics	SPREAD SPECTRUM CLOCK GENERATOR	308
CY2292SL-1T5T Rochester Electronics	PROGRAMMABLE PLL CLOCK GENERATOR	45000
CY22050ZI-119T Rochester Electronics	GENERAL PURPOSE FLASH PROGRAMMAB	2500
CY25402SXC Rochester Electronics	CLOCK GENERATOR, 166MHZ PDSO8	10144
CY2XL12ZXI01 Rochester Electronics	CLOCK GENERATOR, 108MHZ, CMOS	8021
CY22394ZXI-705 Rochester Electronics	CLOCKS	3730
CY25818SC Rochester Electronics	16MHZ, OTHER CLOCK GENERATOR	1108
CY28344PVC Rochester Electronics	FTG FOR INTEL 830M AND 845 CHIPS	1268
CY22391LTXC-09 Rochester Electronics	CLOCK GENERATOR, 27MHZ, CMOS	3730

Clock/Timing - Clock Generators, PLLs, Frequency Synthesizers

1. Overview

Clock and timing ICs are semiconductor devices that generate, regulate, and distribute timing signals in electronic systems. Key components include Clock Generators (produce stable clock signals), Phase-Locked Loops (PLLs, synchronize signals with phase alignment), and Frequency Synthesizers (generate precise frequencies from reference signals). These devices ensure synchronization across components in modern electronics, enabling reliable operation in communication systems, computing devices, and industrial equipment.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
Clock Generators	Produce fixed or programmable clock signals with low jitter	Microprocessors, FPGAs, networking equipment
PLLs	Align output signal phase with reference input, enable frequency multiplication	Wireless transceivers, data recovery circuits
Frequency Synthesizers	Generate multiple frequencies from single reference with high precision	5G base stations, satellite communication systems

3. Structure and Components

Typical clock ICs feature: 1) Crystal oscillator interface for reference signal input; 2) Internal voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO); 3) Phase detector and loop filter (PLL components); 4) Programmable dividers; 5) Output buffers. Advanced packages include QFN (4x4mm to 8x8mm) and TSSOP with 8-48 pins. Integration levels vary from single-channel devices to multi-output clock generators with integrated EEPROM.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Typical Range	Importance
Frequency Range	1 kHz - 3.6 GHz	Determines application compatibility
Phase Noise	-150 to -120 dBc/Hz	Impacts signal integrity
Jitter (RMS)	50 fs - 1 ps	Critical for high-speed systems
Power Consumption	10-300 mA	Affects thermal design
Temperature Stability	20-100 ppm	Ensures reliability in harsh environments

5. Application Fields

Telecommunications: 5G NR base stations, optical transceivers
Computing: Server motherboards, PCIe clocks
Industrial: Precision test equipment, motor control systems
Automotive: ADAS sensors, infotainment systems
Medical: MRI imaging systems, patient monitoring devices

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
TI (Texas Instruments)	LMX2594	15-GHz wideband PLL with integrated VCO
Analog Devices	AD9548	4-channel clock generator with 0.1 ppb accuracy
STMicroelectronics	CLK2692	Programmable 2-output synthesizer for automotive
Microchip	ZL30264	High-performance network synchronizer

7. Selection Guidelines

Key selection criteria: 1) Required output frequency and voltage levels; 2) Acceptable phase noise/jitter specifications; 3) Number of required outputs; 4) Operating temperature range; 5) Power budget constraints; 6) Integration level (e.g., single-chip vs. discrete VCO solutions). For wireless applications, prioritize low phase noise. For portable devices, emphasize power efficiency.

8. Industry Trends

Future developments include: 1) Higher integration with on-chip EEPROM and multi-phase outputs; 2) Advancement to sub-10fs jitter performance; 3) Development of radiation-hardened variants for aerospace; 4) Adoption of 3D packaging for reduced EMI; 5) Increased use of AI-enabled dynamic frequency scaling. The market is projected to grow at 7.2% CAGR through 2027 driven by 5G and automotive electrification.