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TVS - Varistors, MOVs

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
VDRH20X320BKE

VDRH20X320BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 510V 10KA DISC 22.50MM

0
VDRS05A025BSE

VDRS05A025BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 39V 100A DISC 7MM

0
VDRS05C060TSE

VDRS05C060TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 100V 400A DISC 7MM

0
VDRS07H350TME

VDRS07H350TME

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 560V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRH07K275ALE

VDRH07K275ALE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 430V 1.75KA DISC 9MM

0
MLV1210E32003T

MLV1210E32003T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 400A 1210

917
VDRS05A017BSE

VDRS05A017BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 27V 100A DISC 7MM

0
MLV1210E30403T

MLV1210E30403T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 250A 1210

2795
VDRS10P250TSE

VDRS10P250TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 390V 2.5KA DISC 12MM

0
VDRS07H460TLE

VDRS07H460TLE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 750V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS07H275BFE

VDRS07H275BFE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 430V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS14T150TME

VDRS14T150TME

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 240V 4.5KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRS05C150THE

VDRS05C150THE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 240V 400A DISC 7MM

0
VDRH10S275ALE

VDRH10S275ALE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 430V 3.5KA DISC 12MM

0
MLV2220E36003T

MLV2220E36003T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 100V 800A 2220

0
VDRH10S625BSE

VDRH10S625BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 1KV 3.5KA DISC 12.50MM

0
VDRH20X150BKE

VDRH20X150BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 240V 10KA DISC 22.50MM

0
MLV1210E33503T

MLV1210E33503T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 250A 1210

0
VDRS07H050TSE

VDRS07H050TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 82V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRH07K510BSE

VDRH07K510BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 820V 1.75KA DISC 9MM

0

TVS - Varistors, MOVs

1. Overview

Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS), Varistors, and Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are critical components for protecting electronic circuits from voltage spikes and electrostatic discharge (ESD). These devices clamp excessive voltage to safe levels, preventing damage to sensitive components. TVS diodes are semiconductor-based solutions with fast response times, while Varistors (including MOVs) use nonlinear resistive materials to absorb energy. Their importance spans industries like telecommunications, automotive, and consumer electronics, ensuring reliability in environments exposed to electrical surges.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional CharacteristicsApplication Examples
TVS DiodesUnidirectional/bidirectional clamping, sub-nanosecond response time, low leakage currentCommunication interfaces (USB, HDMI), microcontrollers, power supplies
Zinc Oxide VaristorsHigh energy absorption, voltage-dependent resistance, aging characteristicsPower line protection, industrial motor drives, surge protection strips
MOVsSpecialized varistors with metal oxide ceramics, optimized for AC/DC applicationsAppliances, LED lighting, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

TVS diodes employ a PN junction semiconductor structure with doping profiles optimized for breakdown characteristics. Varistors consist of polycrystalline ceramic materials (typically zinc oxide grains with additives) sandwiched between metal electrodes, encapsulated in epoxy or molded housings. MOVs use similar materials to varistors but with enhanced grain boundary engineering for improved voltage clamping. All devices incorporate termination coatings (e.g., silver, tin) for PCB mounting compatibility.

4. Key Technical Parameters

ParameterDescriptionImportance
Clamping Voltage (VCLAMP)Voltage level during surge conductionDetermines protection level for downstream components
Response TimeTime to transition from blocking to clamping modeTVS: 0.5-10 ns; MOVs: 10-50 ns
Energy Absorption (WADM)Maximum surge energy handling capabilityMeasured in joules (J), critical for industrial applications
Leakage CurrentOff-state current at rated voltageImpacts power efficiency, typically <100 A

5. Application Fields

Key industries include:

  • Consumer Electronics: Smartphone charging circuits, TV power supplies
  • Industrial Automation: PLCs, motor drives, sensor interfaces
  • Automotive: ECU protection, CAN bus interfaces, battery management systems
  • Renewable Energy: Solar inverters, wind turbine controllers

Case Study: MOVs in smart meters provide 10kA surge protection against grid transients.

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerRepresentative ProductKey Specifications
LittelfuseSM712-0212A, 13.3V clamping, bidirectional TVS for RS-485
BournsV14450A14mm MOV, 450VAC, 210J energy rating
STMicroelectronicsTV05C0600.5W, 6V, ultra-small TVS for IoT devices

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

  • Operating voltage vs. clamping voltage margin
  • Surge current requirements (8/20 s waveform standard)
  • Package size constraints (SMD vs. through-hole)
  • Environmental conditions (temperature, humidity)
  • Lifespan expectations (MOVs degrade with repeated surges)

8. Industry Trends

Emerging trends include:

  • Miniaturization: Sub-0201 TVS devices for mobile applications
  • Higher energy density: MOVs with >1000J/cm absorption
  • Integration: Combined ESD and surge protection solutions
  • Automotive focus: AEC-Q qualified devices for 48V systems
  • Green manufacturing: Lead-free and RoHS-compliant materials
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