Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
NPR1M63 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 1UF 20% 63V RADIAL	672
VHT1M350 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 1UF 20% 350V RADIAL	58
NEV100M25CB NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 25V RADIAL	892
MSC125V130 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 124UF 125V QC TERM	36
VHT100M50 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 50V RADIAL	932
NPA4.7M100 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 4.7UF 20% 100V AXIAL	308
VHT.47M160 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP-0.47UF 160V 105*C RAD	680
VHT15000M10 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP-15000UF 10V 105*C RAD	703
NEV3300M16FH NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 3300UF 20% 16V RADIAL	1181
NEHH10M350DD NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 10UF 350V AXIAL	66
VHT10M450 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 450V RADIAL	464
NEH220M25CC NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 25V AXIAL	1013
VHT1500M10 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 1500UF 20% 10V RADIAL	128
NEHH10M250CD NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 10UF 250V AXIAL	121
MSC250V72 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 72UF 250V QC TERM	1
VHT33M100 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 100V RADIAL	657
VHT470M6.3 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	719
VHT220M10 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 10V RADIAL	996
NEH22M100CC NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 100V AXIAL	389
MSC125V324 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 324UF 125V QC TERM	57

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.