Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
NEVH22M450EG NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 22UF 450V RADIAL	659
VHT470M35 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 35V RADIAL	732
VHT3.3M160 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 20% 160V RADIAL	603
NPR33M50 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP-33MF 50V RADIAL	527
NEH4700M50JB NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 50V AXIAL	866
NEH10000M25JB NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 10000UF 20% 25V AXIAL	242
VHT680M50 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 50V RADIAL	594
VHT22M100 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 100V RADIAL	354
NEVH3.3M160AB NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 160V RADIAL	680
NPA100M25 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 25V AXIAL	1110
NEH3300M63JB NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 3300UF 20% 63V AXIAL	368
VHT100M100 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 100V RADIAL	113
VHT8200M6.3 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 8200UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	682
NEV680M25EE NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 25V RADIAL	339
NEV68M63 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 68UF 20% 63V RADIAL	52
VHT.47M50 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 0.47UF 20% 50V RADIAL	848
NEH1000M50-10 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP-1000UF 50V AXIAL	0
NPR47M63 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 63V RADIAL	264
NEV.22M50AA NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 0.22UF 20% 50V RADIAL	1052
NEV220M63EE NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP-220MF 63V RADIAL	648

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.