Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
MAL205675103E3 Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric	CAP ALUM 10000UF 20% 16V SNAP	0
UMA1V3R3MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 20% 35V RADIAL	405
EXV157M6R3S9HAA KEMET	CAP ALUM 150UF 20% 6.3V SMD	0
16ZLG1200MEFC10X23 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 1200UF 20% 16V RADIAL	0
25TKV220M8X10.5 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 25V SMD	191
URZ1J470MPD1TA Nichicon	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
TVX1A221MAD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 10V AXIAL	0
UPM1H270MED1TA Nichicon	CAP ALUM 27UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
EEU-FC1H121 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 120UF 20% 50V RADIAL	50
860160475022 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 470 UF 20% 25 V	209
UST0J470MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	3841
ALS80C114QS100 KEMET	CAP ALUM 110000UF 20% 100V SCREW	0
VHT2.2M50 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 2.2UF 20% 50V RADIAL	491
USR1C330MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 16V RADIAL	1206
ALS80G752NJ350 KEMET	CAP ALUM 7500UF 20% 350V SCREW	0
NEV6.8M50 NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 6.8UF 20% 50V RADIAL	902
UHE2A121MHD6TO Nichicon	CAP ALUM 120UF 20% 100V RADIAL	0
UMP1HR22MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 0.22UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
UVR1J100MDD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 63V RADIAL	11416
EKYB101ELL271MK30S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 270UF 20% 100V RADIAL	0

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.