Batteries Rechargeable (Secondary)

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
ICP422339PR-01 Micropower Battery Company	BATTERY PACKS 3.7 V 340MAH 40.50	0
BM2000C1450AA2S1PATP GlobTek, Inc.	BATTERY NIMH 2.4V 1.95AH	565
PS-12180NB Power Sonic	12V18AH NB2	0
ML-614S/DN Panasonic	BATT LITH 3V 3.4MAH COIN 6.8MM	0
PS-1230F1 Power Sonic	12V3.4AH F1	0
HRC5.5-12 B B Battery	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 5AH	0
BC35-12 B B Battery	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 35AH	0
PS-12350NB Power Sonic	12V35.0AH;NB3	0
PSL-SH-12110 Power Sonic	PSL-SH-12110 12.8V 11.4AH LIFEPO	0
BC42-12 B B Battery	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 42AH	0
BK-4MCCA4BA Panasonic	BATTERY 1.2V / 800MAH AAA	0
ICP582930PR-01 Micropower Battery Company	BATTERY PACKS 3.7 V 450 MAH 32.0	0
HR-3UWXT FDK America	BATTERY NIMH 1.2V 2.45AH A	0
MS614SE Seiko Instruments, Inc.	BATT LITH 3V 3.4MAH COIN 6.8MM	0
NP18-12FR EnerSys	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 17.2AH	0
ML-1220/H1AN Panasonic	BATT LITH 3V 17MAH COIN 12.5MM	0
BP1.0-6-T1 B B Battery	BATTERY LEAD ACID 6V 1AH	0
HR5.8-12-T1 B B Battery	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 5.3AH	4
K-KJ17MCC82A Panasonic	BATTERY 1.2V	0
ICP621333PA-01 Micropower Battery Company	BATTERY PACKS 3.7 V 240MAH 35.00	0

Batteries Rechargeable (Secondary)

1. Overview

Rechargeable batteries (secondary batteries) are electrochemical energy storage devices that can be repeatedly charged and discharged through reversible chemical reactions. Unlike primary batteries, they form the backbone of modern energy storage systems, enabling portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), and renewable energy integration. Their ability to reduce long-term costs and environmental impact makes them critical in sustainable technology development.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Lithium-ion (Li-ion)	High energy density (100-265 Wh/kg), low self-discharge, long cycle life (500-2000 cycles)	Smartphones, EVs, laptops
Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH)	Moderate energy density (60-120 Wh/kg), environmental friendliness, memory effect resistance	Hybrid vehicles, digital cameras
Lead-Acid	Low cost, high surge current capability, heavy weight	Automotive starters, backup power systems
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)	Exceptional thermal stability, long lifespan (2000+ cycles), lower energy density	Electric buses, solar storage, marine applications

3. Structure and Composition

Typical rechargeable battery cells consist of:

Cathode: Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) in Li-ion, Nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) in NiMH
Anode: Graphite (Li-ion), Hydrogen-absorbing alloy (NiMH)
Electrolyte: Lithium salt in organic solvent (Li-ion), Potassium hydroxide (NiMH)
Separator: Microporous polymer membrane preventing short circuits
Current Collectors: Copper (anode), Aluminum (cathode)

Cell designs include cylindrical (18650 format), prismatic, and pouch configurations with integrated protection circuits.

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Description	Importance
Energy Density	Wh/kg or Wh/L	Determines runtime and weight
Charge Cycle Life	Number of full discharge/charge cycles	Dictates longevity and cost-effectiveness
Internal Resistance	Measured in milliohms	Affects power output and efficiency
Self-Discharge Rate	Monthly capacity loss percentage	Storage performance indicator
Charging Efficiency	Percentage of energy retained during charging	Impacts operational costs

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Smartphones, tablets, wearables
Transportation: EVs (Tesla Model 3), Hybrid vehicles (Toyota Prius)
Renewable Energy: Solar+storage systems (Tesla Powerwall)
Industrial: Forklifts, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS)
Military/Aerospace: UAVs, satellites

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Chemistry Type
Panasonic	NCR18650B	Lithium-ion
BYD	Blade Battery	Lithium Iron Phosphate
Samsung SDI	INR18650-30Q	Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM)
Exide Technologies	Chloride SLA	Lead-Acid
LG Chem	LGDBHE21865	Lithium-ion Polymer

7. Selection Recommendations

Key considerations:

Energy Requirements: Calculate Wh needed for target runtime
Power Profile: Assess peak current demands (e.g., EV acceleration)
Environmental Conditions: Operating temperature range (-20 C to 60 C typical)
Cost Constraints: Balance upfront cost vs lifecycle value
Regulatory Compliance: UN38.3, IEC 62133 certifications

Example: Select LiFePO4 for solar storage systems requiring 5000+ cycles and wide temperature tolerance.

8. Industry Trends

Material Innovation: Silicon anodes (20%+ capacity increase), solid-state electrolytes
Fast Charging: 0-80% in 15 minutes (e.g., Tesla 4680 cells)
Recycling: EU Battery Passport regulations driving closed-loop systems
Market Growth: 12.6% CAGR projected through 2030 (Grand View Research)
AI Integration: Smart BMS (Battery Management Systems) optimizing charge cycles