Batteries Rechargeable (Secondary)

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
HR-5/4AAAUT FDK America	BATTERY NIMH 1.2V 760MAH 5/4 AAA	0
LI NCR18650JPBF 1S1P +PCM + 2 WIRES 70MM Jauch Quartz	BATT LITH 3.6V 3.25AH 18650	701
NP5-12	12V,5 AH SLA	0
PC5-12F2 ZEUS Battery Products	BA 12V 5AH SLA	0
ICR14500-800-F Fuspower	ICR14500 800MAH 3.7V BUTTON TOP	320
BGN800-4EWP-PR326EC BatteryGuy	4.8V 900MAH NICAD BATTERY	1197
LP103048JU + PCM + WIRES 70MM Jauch Quartz	BATT LITH POLY 1S1P 1450MAH 3.7V	604
BP7.5-12-T2 B B Battery	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 7.5AH	0
LP504783JU+ PCM + WIRES 70MM Jauch Quartz	BATT LITH POLY 1S1P 2200MAH 3.7V	728
SHR7-12-T2 B B Battery	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 3.5AH	0
NP7-12FR	12V, 7 AH SLA	0
NIMH-AA2000-B Fuspower	NIMH AA 2000MAH 1.2V BUTTON TOP	256
PC26-12NB ZEUS Battery Products	12V 26AH RECHARGABLE SEALED LEA	33
ULNMH4AASL Dantona Industries, Inc.	NIMH AA 4 PACK 1.2V 1500MAH	2487
BL2200F6034501S2PZAL GlobTek, Inc.	BATTERY LI-ION 3.7V 2AH	249
ICR26650-5000-F Fuspower	ICR26650 5000MAH 3.7V FLAT TOP	120
BGN800 BatteryGuy	1.2V 900MAH NICAD BATTERY AA	1000
BG-1224B BatteryGuy	12V 24AH SLA BATTERY	299
SLB12400L1511CV Nichicon	2.4V, -30 TO 60C, 150MAH CAPACIT	200
B73180A0101M199 TDK EPCOS	BATT RECHRG 1.5V 100UAH 1PK=10PC	1200

Batteries Rechargeable (Secondary)

1. Overview

Rechargeable batteries (secondary batteries) are electrochemical energy storage devices that can be repeatedly charged and discharged through reversible chemical reactions. Unlike primary batteries, they form the backbone of modern energy storage systems, enabling portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), and renewable energy integration. Their ability to reduce long-term costs and environmental impact makes them critical in sustainable technology development.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Lithium-ion (Li-ion)	High energy density (100-265 Wh/kg), low self-discharge, long cycle life (500-2000 cycles)	Smartphones, EVs, laptops
Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH)	Moderate energy density (60-120 Wh/kg), environmental friendliness, memory effect resistance	Hybrid vehicles, digital cameras
Lead-Acid	Low cost, high surge current capability, heavy weight	Automotive starters, backup power systems
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)	Exceptional thermal stability, long lifespan (2000+ cycles), lower energy density	Electric buses, solar storage, marine applications

3. Structure and Composition

Typical rechargeable battery cells consist of:

Cathode: Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) in Li-ion, Nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) in NiMH
Anode: Graphite (Li-ion), Hydrogen-absorbing alloy (NiMH)
Electrolyte: Lithium salt in organic solvent (Li-ion), Potassium hydroxide (NiMH)
Separator: Microporous polymer membrane preventing short circuits
Current Collectors: Copper (anode), Aluminum (cathode)

Cell designs include cylindrical (18650 format), prismatic, and pouch configurations with integrated protection circuits.

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Description	Importance
Energy Density	Wh/kg or Wh/L	Determines runtime and weight
Charge Cycle Life	Number of full discharge/charge cycles	Dictates longevity and cost-effectiveness
Internal Resistance	Measured in milliohms	Affects power output and efficiency
Self-Discharge Rate	Monthly capacity loss percentage	Storage performance indicator
Charging Efficiency	Percentage of energy retained during charging	Impacts operational costs

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Smartphones, tablets, wearables
Transportation: EVs (Tesla Model 3), Hybrid vehicles (Toyota Prius)
Renewable Energy: Solar+storage systems (Tesla Powerwall)
Industrial: Forklifts, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS)
Military/Aerospace: UAVs, satellites

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Chemistry Type
Panasonic	NCR18650B	Lithium-ion
BYD	Blade Battery	Lithium Iron Phosphate
Samsung SDI	INR18650-30Q	Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM)
Exide Technologies	Chloride SLA	Lead-Acid
LG Chem	LGDBHE21865	Lithium-ion Polymer

7. Selection Recommendations

Key considerations:

Energy Requirements: Calculate Wh needed for target runtime
Power Profile: Assess peak current demands (e.g., EV acceleration)
Environmental Conditions: Operating temperature range (-20 C to 60 C typical)
Cost Constraints: Balance upfront cost vs lifecycle value
Regulatory Compliance: UN38.3, IEC 62133 certifications

Example: Select LiFePO4 for solar storage systems requiring 5000+ cycles and wide temperature tolerance.

8. Industry Trends

Material Innovation: Silicon anodes (20%+ capacity increase), solid-state electrolytes
Fast Charging: 0-80% in 15 minutes (e.g., Tesla 4680 cells)
Recycling: EU Battery Passport regulations driving closed-loop systems
Market Growth: 12.6% CAGR projected through 2030 (Grand View Research)
AI Integration: Smart BMS (Battery Management Systems) optimizing charge cycles